Continuous Biodiesel Production from Waste Soybean Oil Using a Nano-Fe3O4 Microwave Catalysis

In this study, we conducted an efficient microwave-assisted transesterification process combining homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic phases to produce biodiesel from waste soybean oil. A cylindrical quartz reactor packed with nanoparticles of Fe3O4 as a co-catalyst was applied improve the reaction. The carried out methanol-to-oil molar ratio 6:1, power 560 W, residence time 30 s. specifications produced in study were compared two standards, i.e., ASTM D6751 EN 14214. We found that continuous conversion oil methyl ester approximately 95%. showed higher flash point carbon residue content than both viscosity (5.356 mm2/s) density (898.1 kg/m3) at high level. Compared conventional heating plate, energy consumption significantly reduced by nearly 93%. It is expected these findings will provide useful information for green sustainable processes regeneration reuse